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| Features of five Generations of Computers |
Here are the features of the five generations of computers:
- First Generation Computers (1940s to mid-1950s):
- Used vacuum tubes as the primary electronic component
- Large in size and expensive to manufacture
- Used punched cards and paper tape for input and output
- Operated at low speeds and had limited memory capacity
- Second Generation Computers (mid-1950s to mid-1960s):
- Replaced vacuum tubes with transistors, which were smaller, faster, and more reliable
- Used magnetic core memory for storage, which was faster and more reliable than earlier storage methods
- Supported high-level programming languages like COBOL and FORTRAN
- Used punched cards and magnetic tape for input and output
- Third Generation Computers (mid-1960s to mid-1970s):
- Used integrated circuits (ICs) instead of individual transistors, resulting in smaller and faster computers
- Introduced operating systems, which allowed multiple programs to run simultaneously
- Supported programming languages like BASIC and Pascal
- Used keyboards and monitors for input and output
- Fourth Generation Computers (mid-1970s to mid-1980s):
- Used microprocessors, which contained thousands of transistors on a single chip, resulting in even smaller and more powerful computers
- Introduced personal computers (PCs), which were affordable and widely available for personal use
- Supported high-level programming languages like C and C++
- Used floppy disks and hard drives for storage, and introduced graphical user interfaces (GUIs)
- Fifth Generation Computers (mid-1980s to present):
- Focused on artificial intelligence and natural language processing
- Used parallel processing, which allowed multiple processors to work together on a single task
- Supported object-oriented programming languages like Java
- Used advanced storage devices like solid-state drives (SSDs) and cloud storage for data storage and retrieval.
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